“ Zorba”小说家Nikos Kazantzakis’“最后航行”到日本前往大屏幕
‘Zorba’ Novelist Nikos Kazantzakis’ ‘Last Voyage’ to Japan Travels to the Big Screen
在他既是他国家最著名的小说家，又是一名努力维持生计的记者，“希腊佐尔巴”作家尼科斯·卡赞兹基斯（Nikos Kazantzakis）在一个形成性的旅程中启航，这将塑造他的职业生涯后期，并最终领导记者和纪录片制片人Aris Chatzistefanou在他在远东的旅行“ Last Voyage”的书面叙述中，根据他的旅行，研究了这一旅程，同时使用它作为框架，以探索两次世界大战之间的时期，从而研究了这一旅程。形状将被称为“日本奇迹”。这部电影由Kyriakos Chatzistefanou制作，用于Moviementa Productions，本周在塞萨洛尼基纪录片节上首映。Greece的最伟大的现代作家在该国文学经典中占据了一个单一的位置。但是，在最近前往日本的旅行中，查齐斯特凡诺（Chatzistefanou这位导演在1935年访问亚洲。“我将其用作'寂寞星球'，”导演说，他在这本书的弗洛里德（Florid），神托神社（Shinto Shrines）和佛教寺庙的描述性段落中度过了趣味。这是Kazantzakis。然而，“对地缘政治格局及其对资本主义的严厉批评的敏锐阅读，使电影制片人抓住了电影制片人，其先前的纪录片，例如“债务人”和“这不是政变”，专注于政治和经济危机，涉及希腊和欧元区的政治和经济危机。书阐明了卡桑扎基斯的生活和哲学演变中的形成时期，其标志作品（例如“希腊佐尔巴Zorba the Greek”和“基督的\u200b\u200b最后诱惑”）仍然落在他面前。 Chatzistefanou说：“这是他思考的核心，但这是我们不知道的文字。” “这是他一生中未在官方历史中讨论的时期之一。”“ Last Voyage”既是对这本书的敬意，又是视觉旅程ugh的现代日本，带有现代镜头 - 结合漫画，动漫和视频游戏 - 与Kazantzakis的文本并列并并列，这是由著名的希腊艺术家Yannis Aggelakas和Olia Lazaridou所读的。 “他是一个巨大的个性。他在理论和意识形态之间旅行，每个人都讨厌他。” Chatzistefanou说。 “教会认为他是无神论者。他不是基督徒，但他的信心很强。左派说他是一个理想主义者。右派说他是一个亲左派的唯物主义者。”他继续说道。 “如果您在他的时代问某人，他们会说他是共产党员。他喜欢苏联的实验，也喜欢列宁。如果您不得不问共产主义者，他会说，‘没办法。他不是共产主义者。他甚至都不是左派。n认识到 - 在1930年代席卷全球的法西斯主义的日益严重的威胁。 “他并没有像人们期望的那样真正批评法西斯主义。” “他讨厌美国，英国，法国以及所有旧的大国，因此他在像德国一样，像日本这样的新力量，当时正朝着法西斯主义迈进。”作家在远处的旅行然而，东标志着一个转折点。 “我认为这是在'35，或者之后，他会意识到他以前相信的某些事情的黑暗面，”查齐斯特凡诺说。 “他意识到，日本，所有这些扩张主义的政策都将发生真正的不良事件。”尽管他在后来对国家越来越敏锐的批评，但旅行者仍然吸引了日本的谜。 “我认为他喜欢这个矛盾。正如他所说，他们使用[樱花]覆盖大炮。” Chatzistefanou说。 “我认为KazaNtzakis正在利用日本以现代性和传统来解释这场战斗。这不仅与日本有关。这些就是他在他旅行的其他国家 /地区不喜欢的事情。他不喜欢即将来临的机器的现代性。是他一生中看到最多水的人。”在返回欧洲的返回之旅中，Kazantzakis因“亚洲流感”流行病而生病，该流行病将在全球范围内夺走超过400万人的生命 - 包括他自己的。chatzistefanou是谨慎的。他说：“我不确定他是否喜欢它。”“这是他爱的旅行本身。”
At a time when he was both his country’s most celebrated novelist and a journalist struggling to make ends meet, "Zorba the Greek" author Nikos Kazantzakis set sail for Japan on a formative journey that would shape the latter half of his career – and ultimately lead to his untimely death.
Based on the written account of his travels in the Far East, “Last Voyage,” by journalist and documentary filmmaker Aris Chatzistefanou, examines that journey while using it as a framework to explore how the period between the two World Wars shaped what would come to be known as the “Japanese Miracle.” Produced by Kyriakos Chatzistefanou for Moviementa Productions, the film premieres this week at the Thessaloniki Documentary Festival.
Greece’s greatest modern writer occupies a singular place in the country’s literary canon. But on his recent travels to Japan, Chatzistefanou was accompanied by “Japan-China: A Journal of Two Voyages,” one of Kazantzakis’ lesser-known travelogues, which was based on a visit to Asia in 1935. “I used it as a 'Lonely Planet,'” said the director, who leafed through the book’s florid, descriptive passages of Shinto shrines and Buddhist temples as he toured the country.
It was Kazantzakis’ incisive readings of the geopolitical landscape and his harsh critiques of capitalism, however, that gripped the filmmaker, whose previous documentaries such as “Debtocracy” and “This Is Not a Coup” focused on political and economic crises roiling Greece and the Eurozone.
The book sheds light on a formative period in the life and philosophical evolution of Kazantzakis, whose signature works – such as “Zorba the Greek” and “The Last Temptation of Christ” – still lay before him. “It’s at the core of the way he was thinking, [but] it’s a piece of text that we don’t know about,” said Chatzistefanou. “It’s one of the periods of his life that isn’t discussed in the official histories.”
“Last Voyage” is both an homage to that book and a visual journey through modern-day Japan, with contemporary footage – combined with manga, anime and video games – unspooling in conversation with and juxtaposition to Kazantzakis’ text, which is read by renowned Greek artists Yannis Aggelakas and Olia Lazaridou.
Kazantzakis had a famously mercurial spirit. “He was a huge personality. He was traveling between theories and ideologies, and everyone hated him,” said Chatzistefanou. “The church thought he was an atheist. He was not a Christian, but he had a very strong faith. The left was saying that he was an idealist. The right was saying that he was a pro-left materialist," he continued. "If you were to ask someone in his time, they would say that he was a communist. He loved the Soviet experiment and he loved Lenin. If you had to ask a communist, he would say, ‘No way. He’s not a communist. He’s not even a leftist.’”
Kazantzakis, however, was fervid in his anti-imperialist beliefs, a conviction that prevented him from speaking out against – or perhaps even recognizing – the growing menace of fascism that in the 1930s was sweeping across the globe. “He didn’t really criticize fascism as one would expect,” said Chatzistefanou. “He hated the United States and Great Britain and France and all the old powers, so he was giving space to new powers like Italy, like Germany, like Japan, which at the time were moving toward fascism.”
The writer’s travels in the Far East, however, marked a turning point. “I think it’s in ‘35, or a little later, that he will realize the dark side of some things that he used to believe,” said Chatzistefanou. “He realized that something really bad is going to happen with Japan, with all these expansionist policies.”
Yet despite his increasingly sharp criticism of the country later in life, Kazantzakis the traveler was still drawn to the enigma that was Japan. “I think he loved this contradiction. As he says, they use the [cherry blossoms] to cover the cannons,” said Chatzistefanou. “I think that Kazantzakis was using Japan to explain this battle with modernity and tradition. It wasn’t only about Japan. Those were the things he didn’t like in other countries where he traveled. He didn’t like this modernity of the machine that was coming.”
In a radio interview reproduced toward the end of “Last Voyage,” during a 1957 visit to Japan with his wife, the great novelist quotes an ancient Egyptian saying: “Happy is he who has seen the most water in his life.” On the return trip to Europe, Kazantzakis fell ill with the “Asian flu” epidemic that would claim more than 4 million lives worldwide – including his own.
As for how the writer would respond to the modern-day Japan presented in “Last Voyage,” Chatzistefanou was circumspect. “I'm not sure if he would like it or not,” he said. “It was the travel itself that he loved.”
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发表于 2022-7-5 01:43:07
发表于 2023-9-29 16:25:39