Sergei Loznitsa讨论了IDFA冠军'Mr.Landsbergis和立陶宛的解放
Sergei Loznitsa Discusses IDFA Winner ‘Mr. Landsbergis’ and the Liberation of Lithuania
详细介绍了立陶宛试图摆脱苏联的企图，从1989年的抗议活动到维尔纽斯的1991年血腥星期日，当时苏联部队试图进行政变，谢尔盖·洛兹尼察（Sergei Loznitsa立陶宛独立宣言之后，立陶宛议会的第一任负责人。“我从一个简单的问题开始了这个项目：'为什么立陶宛之前没有人拍摄过他？'他是一个伟人，伟大的讲故事的人，” Helmer说。 “先生。 Landsbergis”在IDFA上被加冕为最佳电影，Danielius Kokanauskis因编辑而获得授予。录取他的2015年电影“ The Event”在1991年8月在莫斯科举行的政变中，Loznitsa认为他并不像Lithuania，Lithuania，Lithuania，Lithuania，Lithuania，The Lithuania，The Lithuania，The Lithuania，The Lithuania，The Lithuania，the Lithuania，第一个采取严重措施摧毁苏联的国家。但是，外国人有时可以说当地人不能说的话，这也是因为他们没有注意到他们。“我出生于苏联。我不是在告诉这个story从殖民地的角度来看，我的血液中有它。 1991年之后，我的生活也发生了变化 - 在“事件”中，我已经对此进行了反思。那是我上电影学校的时候，我能感觉到有些事情正在发生变化。在立陶宛，他们宣布了独立，并朝着实现这一目标迈进。这个故事是当时最重要的故事之一。” Landsbergis”标志着Loznitsa在他的电影中首次可以听到他的声音，尽管他从未出现过，但仍然不打算。“我决定这样做。他是一个奇迹。”他谈到现年89岁的主人公时说。 “每当我可以删除问题时，我都会选择与字幕。至于其余的，好吧，重要的是要问1991年1月13日在维尔纽斯发生的悲剧。也许下次我会做整个画外音，解释一切，人们会说Loznitsa终于成为了“正常”记录。我希望不要。射击数周，乌克兰的Helmer - 也落后于“ Babi Yar”。上下文，”授予IDFA特别提及的最佳创造性使用档案 - 决定再次使用档案录像，包括完整业余爱好者拍摄的材料，很高兴记录发生的事情。 '[记载了约瑟夫·斯大林葬礼前的日子]，它的运作良好。当您使用不同的材料时，或者当您一镜头看到某人，然后在来自不同相机的材料中再次看到时，感觉就像是一款游戏。从立陶宛持不同政见者安塔纳斯·特莱卡斯（Antanas Terleckas）（“许多人最终意识到他是一个认真的政治家，而不是法院的小丑”）到苏联的最后一位领导人米哈伊尔·戈尔巴乔夫（Mikhail Gorbachev）。“我对戈尔巴乔夫的印象已经完全改变。我曾经想过：‘哦，戈尔巴乔夫（Gorbachev），如此勇敢的领导者，使民主国家。’现在，当我在听他在说什么……这太荒谬了。 Loznitsa说：“这是一个煽动者，” Loznitsa说，他在该项目首次宣布时不得不应对偏见。“苏联崩溃后，一些部队确保摧毁他们认为危险的政治家的声誉。当立陶宛电影中心决定提供支持时，发表了一篇非常负面的文章。引用一些董事的话说，当您拍摄一个坐在花园里的人时，您应该得到更少的钱，他们批评我和Landsbergis教授。后来，曾经是立陶宛共产党的领导人的阿尔吉尔斯·布拉佐斯卡斯（Algirdas Brazauskas）上台。是一个坏政治家。对于许多人来说，这仍然是口号。”电影中的离子，兰斯贝吉斯本人观察到“压迫和谎言存在，但它们是暂时的。”“作为一名政客，他确切地交付了他所承诺的。不经常发生。从这个意义上说，我们可以说这个故事有一个幸福的结局。这似乎并没有意识到他们的自由，所有这些机会不仅仅是从天上掉下来。这是一场漫长的战斗。这些人，他们竭尽所能。”
Detailing Lithuania’s attempts to break away from the Soviet Union, from protests in 1989 to Vilnius’ Bloody Sunday in 1991, when Soviet troops attempted to stage a coup, Sergei Loznitsa became interested in the man in the midst of it all: Vytautas Landsbergis, the first Head of Parliament of Lithuania after its independence declaration.
“I started this project with a simple question: ‘Why nobody in Lithuania filmed him before?’ He is such a great man, great storyteller,” says the helmer. "Mr. Landsbergis" was crowned as best film at IDFA, with Danielius Kokanauskis awarded for editing.
Recalling his 2015 film “The Event” on the 1991 August Coup in Moscow, Loznitsa argues that he doesn’t feel like “a foreigner” in Lithuania, the first country that took serious steps to destroy the Soviet Union. But a foreigner can sometimes say things the locals cannot, he observes, also because they haven’t noticed them.
“I was born in the Soviet Union. I am not telling this story from a colonial point of view, I have it in my blood. My life also changed after 1991 – in ‘The Event,’ I already reflected on that. That’s when I enrolled in film school and I could feel that something was changing. In Lithuania, they announced their independence and moved towards achieving it. This story is one of the most important of that time.”
“Mr. Landsbergis” marks the first time Loznitsa’s voice can be heard in his films, although he never appears in them and still doesn’t intend to.
“I decided to do it because of him. He is a miracle,” he says about his protagonist, now 89 years old. “Whenever I could remove my question, I opted for intertitles instead. As for the rest, well, it was important to ask about the tragedy in Vilnius on January 13, 1991. Maybe next time I’ll do the entire voiceover, explaining everything, and people will say that Loznitsa has finally made a ‘normal’ documentary. I hope not.”
Apart from the lengthy interview with the politician, one that took two weeks to shoot, the Ukrainian helmer – also behind “Babi Yar. Context,” awarded IDFA’s special mention for best creative use of the archive – decided to use archive footage again, including materials shot by complete amateurs, excited to document what was happening.
“I already combined black and white and color footage in ‘State Funeral’ [chronicling the days leading up to the funeral of Joseph Stalin] and it worked very well. When you use different materials, or when you see someone in one shot and then again in a material coming from a different camera, it feels like a game.”
Such a wealth of material proved illuminating, also when it comes to known historical figures, from Lithuanian dissident Antanas Terleckas (“Many finally realize he was a serious politician, not some court jester”) to the last leader of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev.
“My impression of Gorbachev has changed completely. I used to think: ‘Oh, Gorbachev, such a brave leader who enabled democracy.’ Now, when I was listening to what he was saying… It’s ridiculous. What a demagogue,” says Loznitsa, who had to deal with prejudice himself when the project was first announced.
“After the collapse of the Soviet Union, some forces made sure to destroy the reputations of the politicians they deemed dangerous. When the Lithuanian Film Centre decided to grant us support, a very negative article came out. Some directors were quoted saying that when you film one person sitting in a garden, you should get less money, they criticized me and professor Landsbergis.”
The latter’s popularity suffered because of the Soviet economic blockade of Lithuania. Later, Algirdas Brazauskas, who used to be the leader of Lithuania’s Communist Party, came into power.
“If you ask Lithuanian people, part of them will say that ‘Landsbergis destroyed kolkhoz’ [a collective farm in the Soviet Union], that he was a bad politician. To many, this made up slogan still applies.”
Still, when addressing the United Nations in the film, Landsbergis himself observes that “oppression and lies exist, but they are temporary.”
“As a politician, he delivered exactly what he promised. It doesn’t happen that often. In that sense, we could say there is a happy ending to this story,” says Loznitsa, voicing a concern that certain characteristics of that time seem to be coming back.
“We will see how it develops, but that’s up to the new generation that doesn’t seem to realize their freedom and all these opportunities didn’t just fall from the sky. It was a long fight. These people, they did what they could.”
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发表于 2022-7-5 03:13:07
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