利兹·加布斯（Liz Garbus）在她的多伦多文档“成为库斯托”
Liz Garbus on Her Toronto Doc ‘Becoming Cousteau’
《国家地理》首先在2015年圣丹斯电影节上接近利兹·加布斯（Liz Garbus），讲述了一部针对法国探险家雅克·库斯托（Jacques Cousteau）的纪录片。加布斯（Garbus）长大后看了大卫·沃尔珀（David Wolper）的ABC系列“雅克·库斯托（Jacques Cousteau）的海底世界”，他很感兴趣。因此，在接下来的四年中，她和她的制作团队研究了这位标志性的海洋学家，电影制片人和保护主义者。然后在2019年，经过多年的谈判，库斯托社会授予了奥斯卡提名的董事独家访问，以获得从未见过的档案视频和音频镜头的宝库，这使Garbus能够创建她最初打算的亲密，引人入胜的文档之上。结果是“成为库斯托”，该电影在多伦多国际电影节上放映。Garbus与Variety谈论了这部电影。Cousteau共同创作了Aqua肺，赢得了Palme d'Or和Oscar的1956年电影《沉默世界》，并成为了世界著名的保护主义者。他liv埃德有很多生命。您是如何决定将其作为一次性而不是纪录片的？我希望它成为一种完整的体验。我还希望它是向[库斯托]介绍新朋友的东西，对于我们这些认识和爱他的人来说，这将是一条漫步的记忆巷，最终给您带来的比[关于他]的人更多。因此，医生需要是您一次坐着的电影。十年前，当气候变化不是头条新闻时，有人会想看有关环保主义者的电影吗？是的。我认为人们多年来一直试图制作这部电影，因为十年前，我们许多人都非常了解气候变化，但仍被社会巨大的派系贬低。但是我要说的是，Doc和Cousteau对世界（关于气候危机）的警告的信息每天变得越来越紧迫。您可以独家访问库斯托社会档案馆，由Francine Cousteau控制 - 雅克的第二任妻子，他与他的第一任妻子西蒙妮·梅尔基奥（Simone Melchior）结婚时与他建立了第二个家庭。弗朗辛（Francine）对电影中的恋情有何看法？弗朗辛（Francine）非常保护档案，但我对这部电影有社论的创造性控制。因此，归根结底，这是我想制作的电影，这就是必须的。在他反对环境灾难的世界集会之前，库斯托接受了在波斯湾定位石油钻探地点的工作，以资助他的海洋探险。他也不尊重海洋生物。您是否总是知道您想在电影中包括他一生的这一部分？不。这是我在研究中发现的东西。这是一个最初是为了娱乐和冒险而探索的人，然后由于他在水中的数十年，从字面上看了破坏环境，他有了一个认识到顿悟。因此，一开始就展示了他的早期冒险和傲慢，以后我的海洋保护工作n的生活更加紧迫，动人和深刻地感觉到。库斯托揭示了库斯托鄙视纪录片，并“当他们将我的电影标记为纪录片时变得愤怒”。那让你笑了吗？这对Doc社区有点眨眼。让我们所有人笑，并意识到我们走了多远。
National Geographic first approached Liz Garbus at the 2015 Sundance Film Festival about directing a documentary focused on French sea explorer Jacques Cousteau. Garbus, who grew up watching David Wolper’s ABC series “The Undersea World of Jacques Cousteau," was intrigued. So, for the next four years she and her production team researched the iconic oceanographer, filmmaker and conservationist. Then in 2019, after years of negotiating, the Cousteau Society granted the Oscar-nominated director exclusive access to a treasure trove of never-before-seen archival video and audio footage, which allowed Garbus to create the intimate, engaging doc that she originally intended upon. The result is "Becoming Cousteau,” which screens at the Toronto International Film Festival. Garbus talked to Variety about the film.
Cousteau co-created the Aqua Lung, won both the Palme d’Or and the Oscar for his 1956 film “The Silent World” and became a world renowned conservationist. He lived so many lives. How did you decide to make this a one-off and not a docuseries?
I wanted it to be a complete experience. I also wanted it to be something that would introduce new people to [Cousteau] and for those of us who knew and loved him, it would be a walk through memory lane that ends up giving you more than you knew [about him]. So the doc needed to be a film you consume in one sitting.
Do you think 10 years ago, when climate change wasn’t making headlines, that anyone would have wanted to see a film about an environmentalist?
Yes. I think people have tried to make this film over the years because of course 10 years ago many of us were all very aware of climate change, but it was still being belittled by huge factions of society. But I will say that the message of the doc and Cousteau’s warning to the world [about the climate crisis] becomes more and more urgent every day.
You gained exclusive access to the Cousteau Society Archives, which is controlled by Francine Cousteau — Jacques’ second wife whom he started a second family with while married to his first wife, Simone Melchior. How did Francine feel about including the affair in the film?
Francine is extremely protective of the archive, but I had editorial creative control of the film. So, at the end of the day it's the film I wanted to make and that's how it had to be.
Before he rallied the world against environmental disaster, Cousteau accepted work locating oil-drill sites in the Persian Gulf to finance his sea expeditions. He also didn’t respect sea life. Did you always know that you wanted to include this part of his life in the film?
No. It was something I discovered during research. Here was a person who initially was exploring for the fun and for the adventure and then because of his decades under water, and literally seeing the destruction environments, he had a realization — an epiphany. So showing his early adventures and hubris in the beginning made his ocean conservation efforts later in life that much more urgent, moving and deeply felt.
The doc reveals that Cousteau disdained the word documentary and “became furious when they label my films as documentary.” Did that make you laugh?
That was a little wink to the doc community. For all of us to laugh and realize how far we've come.
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发表于 2022-7-5 05:13:10
发表于 2022-10-28 16:44:30